Two papers have been presented by Natasa Sladoje and Joakim Lindblad (Uppsala) about template matching. It consists in measuring distances between objects in images, suitable for information-rich object representations, capturing several properties in each image pixel. 

References:
Distance Between Vector-Valued Fuzzy Sets Based on Intersection Decomposition with Applications in Object Detection. J. Öfverstedt, N. Sladoje, J. Lindblad. In International Symposium on Mathematical Morphology and Its Applications to Signal and Image Processing – ISMM, 2017.
Distance Between Vector-Valued Representations of Objects in Images with Application in Object Detection and Classification. N. Sladoje, J. Lindblad. In International Workshop on Combinatorial Image Analysis – IWCIA, 2017.